Dry eye is a common yet often overlooked condition among seniors, affecting about 30% of adults over 50, according to Optometrists.org. While many people associate dry eyes with minor irritation, the reality is that for some, it can cause persistent pain, blurred vision, and discomfort that interferes with daily life.
As we age, our eyes naturally produce fewer tears and become more prone to dryness and inflammation.
If you or a loved one has ever wondered, “Does dry eye cause pain?” or how to manage it, this article will explain everything you need to know, with a special focus on senior eye health in Greenville, SC.
What Is Dry Eye?
Dry eye occurs when your eyes don’t produce enough tears or when the quality of your tears is poor. Tears are essential for lubricating the surface of the eye, washing away debris, and keeping the eye healthy and comfortable.
There are two main types of dry eye:
- Aqueous-deficient dry eye occurs when the tear glands don’t produce enough fluid.
- Evaporative dry eye occurs when tears evaporate too quickly due to inflammation or poor tear quality.
Seniors are more likely to experience both types due to age-related changes, medications, or underlying health conditions.
Does Dry Eye Cause Pain?
Yes, dry eye can and often does cause pain, especially in more advanced or untreated cases. The pain may feel different for everyone. Some dry eye symptoms in seniors living in an assisted living community:
- Burning or stinging
- A scratchy or gritty feeling, like there’s sand in the eye
- Eye fatigue or soreness
- Sharp or shooting pains, especially during blinking
- Eye discomfort and aging, when reading, watching TV, or using screens
In severe cases, dry eye pain can disrupt sleep, cause headaches, or make it difficult to concentrate. The discomfort isn’t just physical; it can also take an emotional toll, especially when it interferes with hobbies or socializing.
Why Seniors Are More Vulnerable
Several age-related factors contribute to dry eye in older adults. Here are some of them:
1. Decreased Tear Production
As we age, tear glands naturally produce fewer tears. This is especially common after age 65, making older adults particularly prone to dry eyes.
2. Hormonal Changes
Postmenopausal women are more likely to develop dry eye. This is because hormonal shifts affect tear production and composition.
3. Medications
Many common medications taken by seniors can reduce tear production. Here are some examples:
- Antihistamines
- Diuretics
- Beta-blockers
- Antidepressants
- Sleeping pills
4. Senior Vision Health Conditions
Certain medical issues are linked to dry eyes, including:
- Diabetes
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Thyroid disease
- Sjögren’s syndrome
- Lupus
These autoimmune or inflammatory diseases can directly impact the tear glands or the eye’s surface.
5. Environmental Factors
Dry indoor air (especially with air conditioning or heaters), wind, and sun exposure can all worsen dry eye symptoms. Seniors who spend a lot of time indoors may be affected without realizing it.
When to See a Doctor
Many seniors assume dry eye is just a normal part of aging, but that doesn’t mean it should be ignored. Persistent or painful dry eye can lead to complications, including:
- Eye infections (tears protect against bacteria)
- Corneal damage (severe dryness can scar the cornea)
- Blurred or fluctuating vision
- Decreased quality of life
You should seek medical attention if:
- Pain persists or worsens
- You experience redness, swelling, or discharge
- Vision becomes blurry or fluctuates
- Over-the-counter eye drops stop helping
An optometrist or ophthalmologist can diagnose dry eye using a series of tests, including tear production measurements and examination of the cornea.
How to Manage and Treat Dry Eye
The good news is that dry eye is highly treatable, especially with early intervention. Here are proven strategies seniors can use to manage symptoms and reduce pain.
1. Use Artificial Tears
Over-the-counter artificial tears or lubricating eye drops are the first line of treatment. They help moisten the eyes and relieve discomfort. Seniors may need to use them several times a day. Be sure to:
- Choose preservative-free drops if using more than four times daily.
- Avoid “redness-reducing” drops, which can make symptoms worse over time.
2. Apply Warm Compresses
Warm compresses can help loosen clogged oil glands around the eyes, improving tear quality. Use a clean, warm washcloth over closed eyes for five to ten minutes, once or twice a day.
3. Adjust Your Environment
Use a humidifier to add moisture to dry indoor air. Avoid sitting directly under fans or vents. Protect your eyes from wind or sun with wraparound sunglasses.
4. Practice the 20-20-20 Rule
For seniors who use screens or read frequently, following the 20-20-20 rule can reduce eye strain and dryness. Every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds.
5. Modify Your Diet
Foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids can help improve tear production and reduce inflammation. Include the following foods:
- Salmon, sardines, or other fatty fish
- Flaxseeds or flaxseed oil
- Walnuts
- Chia seeds
Supplements may be recommended if dietary intake is insufficient.
6. Review Medications
Talk to your doctor about any medications that may be contributing to dry eye. In some cases, alternatives with fewer side effects may be available.
7. Prescription Treatments
Managing chronic eye irritation can be hard on your own. Speak to your eye doctor. They may recommend:
- Prescription eye drops (e.g., Restasis, Xiidra)
- Steroid drops for inflammation
- Punctal plugs to block tear drainage and keep moisture in the eye
- Thermal pulsation treatments to unclog oil glands
Lifestyle Tips for Seniors With Dry Eyes
Here are some assisted living wellness tips for seniors with dry eyes:
- Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day.
- Blink often: Do this especially when reading or using devices.
- Avoid smoke: Smoking and secondhand smoke irritate the eyes.
- Wear protective eyewear: Use goggles when swimming or gardening.
- Get regular eye exams: Don’t skip your yearly appointment, even if symptoms improve.
Keeping your eyes healthy takes consistent effort.
Eye Discomfort and Aging Are Connected
Does dry eye cause pain? While many people associate dry eyes with minor irritation, the reality is that for some, it can cause persistent pain, blurred vision, and discomfort that interferes with daily life.
At TerraBella Summit, residents have an unrivaled senior living experience due to the superior care, amenities, services, and lifestyle programs. Some of our amenities include stylish suites, daily-prepared healthy and delicious meals, social events, and daily activities.
Are you ready to experience it all as well? Schedule a tour today.
